Indoor cats live safer lives, but they still need plenty of activity and mental stimulation to stay happy and healthy.
What pet parents should know
Cats are natural hunters. Short bursts of play that mimic stalking and pouncing help burn energy and reduce stress.
Signs to look out for
Over-grooming, weight gain, night-time zoomies or scratching furniture can be signs of boredom.
Helpful steps you can take at home
Offer two or three short play sessions a day with wand toys. Add window perches, scratching posts and puzzle feeders, and rotate toys so they stay interesting.
When to contact your veterinarian
Sudden changes in behaviour, appetite or litter habits should always be checked, as they can signal an underlying health issue.
A little enrichment goes a long way towards a contented cat.
Journal articles are for general education and do not replace a veterinary examination or individual medical advice.
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